The United States, for example, is not a party to UNCLOS but claims an EEZ that extends up to 200 nautical miles from its baseline. The practice of claiming an EEZ is one example of how UNCLOS has given rise to customary international law. It also has legislative and enforcement competence within its EEZ to deal with the dumping of waste from vessels and pollution from seabed activities. The coastal State has the right to regulate both marine scientific research and pollution in the EEZ. Within the EEZ, the coastal State is primarily responsible for the conservation of living resources. The coastal State alone, however, has the right to construct and operate artificial islands and other structural installations with accompanying 500 m safety zones. All States, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of navigation and overflight and the laying of submarine cables and pipelines within any EEZ. Within this zone, the coastal State may exercise sovereign rights over exploration, exploitation, conservation, and management of natural resources and other economic activities, such as the production of wind or tidal power. The EEZ is an area beyond and adjacent to a coastal State's territorial sea to a limit of 200 nautical miles from the baseline. Burns, in Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences (Third Edition), 2019 Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) There are many cases of competing claims that still have not been resolved, particularly such as those that involve disputed sovereignty over uninhabited islands. In many, but by no means all cases, the so-called equidistance principle has been followed, implying that the boundary is drawn at equal distance between the adjacent countries. The Convention does not prescribe how this is to be done. In the numerous cases where countries share the same continental shelf or the distance between their shores is less than 400 nautical miles, boundaries between states have to be settled by negotiation. The rules pertaining to the EEZ are a part of the UN Law of the Sea Convention. Within its EEZ, a coastal state can regulate the use of resources as it finds in its best interest and impose penalties on those who do not abide by these regulations. Sedentary living resources are defined in the Law of the Sea Convention as fixed to the bottom or unable to move unless in contact with the ocean bottom. Earlier the 200-m depth contour was often taken as the limit of the continental shelf. The rules delimiting the continental shelf are rather technical and are set out in Article 76 of the UN Law of the Sea Convention (see UN website, listed below). Nevertheless, the jurisdiction over sedentary and underground resources is wider than this when the continental shelf reaches beyond 200 nautical miles. Baselines are lines drawn from headland to headland, enclosing fiords and bays, the maximum length of a straight base line being 24 nautical miles. Second, the maximum width of the territorial sea is 12 nautical miles from baselines, while the maximum width of the EEZ is 200 nautical miles (370 km or 230 English miles).
PROCESSES PRONUNCIATION EEZ FULL
First, the jurisdiction of the coastal state within the EEZ only pertains to natural resources (fish, offshore oil, and gas), while the coastal state has full jurisdiction within its territorial sea. The EEZ differs from territorial waters in two respects. The exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is an area where sovereign states have jurisdiction over resources. Hannesson, in Encyclopedia of Energy, Natural Resource, and Environmental Economics, 2013 The Exclusive Economic Zone: What It Is
0 kommentar(er)
